Microplastics in Focus: A Study of SC Oyster Reefs and Their Hidden Threats

Presenter(s): Amira Layeni, LMRCSC II, NOAA Office of Education, Educational Partnership Program with Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI)

Sponsor(s): NOAA EPP/MSI Cooperative Science Centers

Seminar Contact(s): Audrey.Trotman@noaa.gov, oed.epp10@noaa.gov

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Abstract: The Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, plays a pivotal role in commercial and recreational fisheries, delivering essential ecosystem services such as water filtration and shoreline stabilization. This species also serves as a habitat and food source for other estuarine organisms. However, Eastern oyster populations encounter numerous threats, with microplastic pollution emerging as a significant concern. Oysters are particularly vulnerable to microplastic ingestion due to their filter-feeding behavior, which can physically harm their gills and tissues, potentially impairing feeding efficiency and reproductive capabilities. In line with NOAA’s mission to understand and protect our oceans and coastal resources, the ecotoxicology lab at the Hollings Marine Laboratory has been conducting studies to document the presence of microplastic pollution in this critical ecosystem. Layeni’s NOAA Experiential Research and Training Opportunities (NERTO) assessed microplastic quantities and types within various components of the oyster reef, including sea surface water, oyster reef sediment, and oyster tissue. Furthermore, it examined variations in microplastic distribution across sites, focusing on areas influenced by varying levels of urban inflow. By addressing these objectives and hypotheses, this research yielded valuable laboratory techniques learned to identify the extent of microplastic pollution in the Eastern oyster population within Charleston Harbor. These findings underscore the significance of safeguarding and preserving these ecologically vital organisms in alignment with NOAA’s mission and commitment to protecting our coastal environments.